子空间干扰加高斯杂波背景下基于 GLRT的斜对称方向检测器设计

文章研究了背景为子空间干扰加高斯杂波的距离扩展目标方向检测问题。杂波是均值为零协方差矩阵未知但具有斜对称特性的高斯杂波,目标与干扰分别通过具备斜对称特性的目标子空间和干扰子空间描述。针对方向检测问题,利用上述斜对称性,根据广义似然比检验(Generalized Likeli-hood Ratio Test,GLRT)准则的一步与两步设计方法,设计了基于 GLRT的一步法与两步法的距离扩展目标方向检测器。通过理论推导证明了这 2种检测器相对于未知杂波协方差矩阵都具有恒虚警率。对比相同背景下已有检测器,特别是在辅助数据有限的场景下,文章提出的 2个检测器表现出了优越的检测性能。     

Quasi-periodicities in cosmic rays recorded by the KACST muon detector during 2002–2012

In this study, daily cosmic ray data obtained with the KACST muon detector for the period 2002–2012 were analyzed for quasi-periodicities. Power-spectrum analysis was carried out and several periodicities were identified. The results reveal several periodicities at different frequency scales: 817 days (~2.19 years), 617 days (~1.7 years), 475 days (~1.3 years), 421 days (1.15 years), 290 days (~0.8 years), 227 days (~0.62 years), 185 days (~0.52 years), 153 days, 135 days, 120 days, 93 days, 84 days, 73 days, 65 days, 53–45 days, 38 days, 31 days, 25–27 days, 21 days and 13 days. The obtained periodicities are in an agreement with those previously reported by several investigators.The identified periodicities have strong relevance to solar activity parameters such as variations in the interplanetary magnetic field.In comparison, the data from two neutron monitors (NMs), Lomnický ?tít and Oulu NMs, for the same period were used and their power spectra were correspondingly obtained. Similarities and differences in the position of the cosmic-ray peaks measured by the KACST muon detector and by the two NMs have been presented and discussed. While most of the periodicities reported by the muon detector are also found in the NM data, the ~1.7-yr variation is not found. Instead, a shift of 1.6–1.8 years in the NM data is observed which may be due to the limited epoch considered in this study.     

人工免疫木马检测中动态克隆选择算法的改进

针对人工免疫木马检测中检测器的冗余,检测过程中成熟检测器和记忆检测器在检测到自我抗原或年龄过大时,被直接删除造成的非我信息资源丢弃等问题,引入限次变异对检测器的生成进行改进,提出将随机生成的检测器在自我耐受后,再与已有合格检测器匹配,对与已有合格检测器匹配的检测器进行限次变异;而检测到自我抗原或年龄过大的检测器同样进行限次变异的方法。实验结果表明,这种方法能准确而快速地检测已知和未知木马。     

Optimum detection and location estimation of target lines in the range-time space of a search radar

The average likelihood ratio detector is derived as the optimum detector for detecting a target line with unknown normal parameters in the range-time data space of a search radar, which is corrupted by Gaussian noise. The receiver operation characteristics of this optimum detector is derived to evaluate its performance improvement in comparison with the Hough detector, which uses the return signal of several successive scans to achieve a non-coherent integration improvement and get a better performance than the conventional detector. This comparison, which is done through analytic derivations and also through simulation results, shows that the average likelihood ratio detector has a better performance for different SNR values. This result is justified by showing the disadvantages of the Hough method, which are eliminated by the optimum detector. To have an estimate for the location of the detected target line in the optimum detection method as the Hough method, which detects and localizes the target lines simultaneously, we present the maximum a posteriori probability estimator. The estimation performance of the two methods is then compared and it is shown that the maximum a posteriori probability estimator localizes the detected target lines with a better performance in comparison with the Hough method.     

基于SIMION软件的空间等离子体探测器的数值仿真

空间等离子体探测器采用带偏转板的柱形静电分析器作为传感器,具有大于320°探测视场,可探测约10eV～30keV的热等离子体。利用SIMION软件采用均匀随机抽样建立粒子源的方法仿真探测器的基本特性参数:静电分析器因子、能量分辨率、偏转板因子和偏转角。仿真结果与实测结果吻合很好。静电分析器因子的仿真与实测结果偏差为3.2%,能量分辨率仿真与实测结果偏差为1.5%,偏转角-偏转板因子的关系式与实测结果的相关系数为0.999 4。仿真结果可以有效地应用于该类仪器的设计和定标过程中。     

熔盐反应法生长Bi－Pb－Sr－Ca－Cu－O系超导单晶

利用熔盐反应法生长了Ｂｉ－Ｐｂ－Ｓｒ－Ｃａ－Ｃｕ－Ｏ系超导单晶．这种方法容易生长高纯的Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２ＣｕＯｘ和Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２ＣａＣｕＯｘ单晶，也已生长了２２１２和２２２３相交生的片状单晶，其中（Ｂｉ，Ｐｂ２Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｘ相的体积分数约５０％．利用电子衍射图样，ＸＲＤ，ＥＤＡＸ和磁化率的测量对晶体结构、组分和超导电性进行了研究．     

X射线数字成像系统传递函数模型

基于非晶硅面阵探测器的工业X射线数字成像系统是目前最先进的射线检测技术,其系统传递函数PSF(Point Spread-Function)由非点源形成的系统几何弥散、闪烁体膜层弥散、探测器像元孔径采样3部分组成.通过分析各环节射线透照场强的分布特性,以高斯函数近似各环节相应PSF的数学表达式,建立了整个数字成像系统的PSF及其MTF(Modulation Transfer Function)理论模型,并由系统PSF的半波宽得到系统的近似有效带宽.以PaxScan2520面阵探测器组成的X射线数字成像系统为例,通过实验验证了该模型的合理性,利用此模型可快速估计数字成像系统可分辨被检试件的最小细节,为工业射线检测提供理论基础.     

超导陀螺转子偏移建模与测试方案

根据球形差动电容传感器测量微位移的原理,针对八电极结构的超导陀螺仪分析了每对测量电极上悬浮转子偏移量与电容变化量间的关系.通过无量纲化和微位移范围内线性化处理及利用最小二乘算法,建立了转子偏移测量模型.给出了基于该模型的超导陀螺转子偏移测试方案及其各参数间的关系.分析了影响陀螺转子偏移测量精度的因素.超导陀螺转子偏移测试方案的特点是为保证悬浮转子的零电位而采用4对测试电极的电极分布法,能同时测量出转子偏移的大小和偏移方向.实验结果表明,差动电容传感器的分布电容、陀螺转子的零电位和模型误差等是影响测量精度的主要因素.提出了降低相应因素不良影响的方法及输出电压与转子偏移量呈线性关系模型的适应范围.     

一种基于小波变换的SAR图像边缘检测器(英文)

边缘提取是图像处理与图像分析的基础。本文基于小波变换 ,研究了 SAR图像边缘提取的方法 ,从而为合成孔径雷达 (SAR)图像辅助导航系统奠定基础。由于 SAR图像受固有斑点噪声的影响 ,采用小波变换与固定阈值提取 SAR图像边缘特征时 ,将有大量虚假边缘产生 ,特别是在图像的亮区。为此 ,本文提出了采用具有恒定误警率的阈值 ,以消除斑点噪声的影响。同时 ,分别对两幅不同的图进行仿真 ,仿真结果表明 ,斑点噪声的影响被大大抑制 ,且由于阈值是由小波变换系数直接构成 ,能保证辅助导航对实时性的要求。     

提高线阵采样式光学遥感器图像空间分辨率的新方法研究

介绍了提高采样式光学遥感器图像空间分辨率的国内外发展现状,以任意两维周期采样理论为基础,探索了一种通过把线阵探测器倾斜θ度而非常规线阵推扫的0°,同时把推扫方向的采样间距缩短为P/m,而非常规线阵推扫的P的新焦平面采样方法。该方法相对于常规线阵推扫采样,可以增加采样密度,提高图像空间分辨率。在原理研究的基础上,设计了一套实验验证系统,通过实验系统对该方法进行了物理及其可行性验证。试验结果表明:如果探测器阵列旋转45°并且推扫方向采样间距减半,相对常规线阵推扫采样,图像的空间分辨率可以提高1.64倍左右。相对于高模式采样技术和超模式采样技术,该方法避开了两排错位排列探测器的难题,因此工程实现上要简单。